Women
are women. Travel the world over and you will learn
that whether they wear skirts short enough to make
Britney Spears blush, or the filmy black abayas
that are sort of the hip version of the proper
attire for any self-respecting Muslim woman in
the Arabian Gulf. Women all over the world are
concerned with more or less the same issues.
Except
for the clothing that wraps the physical package,
women of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are no different.
Like their sisters from Alaska and Zimbabwe and every
letter of the alphabet in between, these women are
concerned with successfully raising children, having
the opportunity to find meaningful employment outside
of their houses, and with establishing legal rights
where marriage, child custody and marital assets
are concerned.
Dedicated to empowering
UAE women to follow
Sharia--the religious,
political, social,
domestic and private
guidelines that generally
apply--in Muslim countries,
the UAE General Women's
Union is an association
of smaller women's
groups from throughout
the seven emirates
that comprise the UAE.
Established in 1975
by Sheikh Zayed's wife,
Sheikha Fatima bint
Mubarak (Muslim women
do not adopt their
husband's last names),
today, 27 years later,
the Women's Union is
still chaired by the
UAE's First Lady.
The
Union is just as
concerned as any
feminist group in the
West with how its critics
often accuse the group
of being "man-haters."
"We love men
and we want to follow
Sharia," said
a spokeswoman for the
association, over a
cup of sweetened tea. "Islamic
law says that our first
priority should be
to nurture our children.
That's why we offer
career counseling and
train women in computer
skills. Sometimes a
woman needs to work
to properly care for
her children."
Just
like women in the
West who guiltily
fret about day care
centers, many women
of the UAE worry about
leaving their children
in "nurseries" when
they go to work. As
a result, a top priority
for the Women's Union
is the qualification
of the baby sitters
who care for the children.
Located in a quiet
neighborhood on the
edge of the city of
Abu Dhabi, the Union
headquarters doesn't
take it lightly when
it comes to security.
Each car is stopped
and its passengers
questioned upon arrival.
While the Women's
Union is headquartered
in Abu Dhabi--the largest
geographically and
the richest economically
of the seven emirates--the
group, like the UAE
itself, is careful
not to impose the concerns
of Abu Dhabi on the
other six emirates.
Determined not to
tread on each other's
rights to govern themselves,
the associations work
together to plan the
Union's focus and to
research the most appropriate
issues. Once their
plans are identified,
they present them to
their local chairmen
and the First Lady
for approval and then
execute the plans according
to their own beliefs
and individual customs.
They also present their
positions and concerns
internationally at
conferences and lectures.
This year the Union's
concerns are personal.
With the help of the
smaller women's organizations,
academics and the ministers
of justice and social
affairs, the Union
focuses on divorce
issues, like the equitable
division of marital
assets and child custody
agreements.
"Islamlic law
covers these issues," the
Union spokeswoman explained. "But
different interpretations
of Sharia can lead
to different conclusions."
Another personal issue
for the women of the
UAE is the nursery
system. Convinced that
government sponsored
baby-sitters are inherently
better than private
businesses, the Women's
Union this year is
lobbying for a government
regulated system for
licensing nurseries.
In addition, the Union
offers valuable career
counseling for women.
Not only does it aspire
to provide training
that is sensitive to
the needs of the local
labor market in government,
embassies and private
businesses, the Union
also serves as a job
placement agency that
forwards resumes and
follows up on the interviews
of job applicants.
Without question the
Union's most visible
role as far as tourists
are concerned is as
vendor for local handicrafts.
The group chooses to
serve the role of merchant
because the Union sees
the handmade goods
as effective in preserving
the traditions of the
country as well as
successful in generating
cash for low-income,
rural women who must
help support their
families.
Serving as a benefactor
to local women artisans
and their families,
the Union provides
modest stipends to
widows and divorced
women regardless of
how many handicrafts
they sell. It also
helps these artists
design, price, package
and exhibit their crafts.
Currently a hot topic
for the women of the
UAE is the pressure
to wed and the high
dowries that their
families set for their
hand in marriage. For
a woman from a prominent
family, the dowry can
run as high as $500,000
which makes a proposal
financially difficult
for young men. To help
suitors raise the funds,
the government instituted
the Marriage Fund in
1993 which offers long-term
loans up to 70,000
Dh (approximately $20,000)
and an extra 20,000
Dh for those over the
age of 30.
What's more, Sheikh
Zayed has waged a successful
campaign to discourage
the high dowries that
result in local men
marrying foreign women
to save money. He has
also built special
wedding halls that
serve as reduced rate
venues and he has encouraged
group weddings that
help to distribute
costs among groups
of couples.
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