When I told a South
African friend in Cape Town a few
weeks ago that I was going to join
the team
of The Earth Times covering the World
Economic Forum meeting in New York,
he was green with envy. A senior executive
of the country's biggest food products
company, he said he would pay anything
to be there. "The Forum is the
biggest, most important political
and business
event of the year. For rubbing shoulders
with the high and mighty, it is unbeatable.
You are lucky indeed."
Lucky
I felt, but perhaps a little jaded. I have had the
privilege of a front-row seat to history for the past
25 years, and I have met many world leaders at conferences
in Moscow, Paris, Brussels, and Hong Kong.
I
walked with Pope John Paul II to the grave of
a priest murdered
by secret police in Warsaw during
his second visit to his native Poland at the height
of the cold war. We didn't talk, I just looked
at his expression and the way he prayed. I remember
a party at the US embassy in Moscow not long afterwards,
where Dave Brubaker played "Take Five" on
the saxophone while four reporters enjoyed a cocktail
with Henry Kissinger and heard all about how President
Ronald Reagan felt about his first meeting with
Mikhail Gorbachev. I stood next to Gorbachev's
wife, Raisa, in the October snow on Red Square
during the last Soviet celebration of the October
Revolution. I remember Bishop Desmond Tutu leading
the prayers at the Regina Mundi Church in Soweto
on a hot Sunday afternoon in 1976. We were holed
up inside while outside, at the height of the anti-apartheid
uprising, police manning machine-gun posts refused
to let anyone enter or leave until the following
day. I walked with then UN Secretary General Xavier
Perez de Cuellar through the human waste and misery
of a place called Camp Korem at the height of the
Ethiopian famine in 1984. People were dying all
around us, and our brief conversation was interrupted
by the rasping coughs of skeletal children with
killer respiratory diseases. I will never forget
the way a tough French Foreign Legion officer in
Rwanda in 1994 burst into tears when we found the
bodies of a group of women who had been decapitated,
their daughters, not yet in their teens, still
alive but unable to walk because their Achilles
tendons had been slashed by madmen with long knives.
And I had tea with one of the great democrats of
our times, Chris Patten, the last British governor
of Hong Kong, in Governor's House two days before
the hand-over to China. There was another tea in
Cherrapunji with one of the last maharajahs of
India.
I remember the conflicts in Angola, Zimbabwe and
Mozambique, floods in Bangladesh, the civil war
in Algeria, Iraq during the Gulf War, Friday prayers
in Iran, big NATO and European Union meetings in
Brussels, and the horror in mid-town Moscow in
1993 when the White House was shelled and it seemed
the world was falling apart all around us in a
hail of bullets...
Why
write about all this? Because a reporter has
to be there
to get the story, to convey to readers
back home what is going on. I had the great luck
to work for United Press International in its heyday,
and, later, for a great newspaper in London as
their chief correspondent. And I always remember
the words of my Editor, Herbert Pearson, who said: "Get
out there and talk to people. We don't want stories
written from clips, or Internet sites. Go and hear
and smell the place and tell us what it's like." I
spell his title with a capital E, out of enormous
respect.
So, naively perhaps, I came to New York for the
World Economic Forum thinking I would have some
heady days with the world's movers and shakers
and would be able to report some of the latest
thinking by the people who influence our lives
so profoundly. I was particularly looking forward
to the Forum because for the past 32 years it has
operated like a sort of town hall meeting. The
sort of place where Bishop Tutu can make small
talk with Jack Greenberg, the chairman and CEO
of McDonalds; where Kofi Annan can talk computers
with Carleton S. Fiorina, chairman and CEO of Hewlett-Packard;
where Hamid bin Ahmad al-Rifaie, president of the
International Islamic Forum for Dialogue, can rub
shoulders with Israel Meir Lau, Chief Rabbi of
Israel; or where Colin Powell, US Secretary of
State, can meet French academics.
And perhaps I, too, could meet and talk with some
of them... But I could not have been more wrong.
I am jaded because I know that politicians, businessmen
and stars all use journalists to convey their messages
and inflate their egos. Otherwise, we are traditionally
viewed with mistrust, often as liars, especially
when something appears in print that they do not
like. That's what happened with the unpleasant
fuss over our story at the Forum because we said
its organizers were discriminating against the
world's media and denying them access.
I try to keep an open mind, not to brand all businessmen
and politicians as corrupt, or all lawyers as shysters
out to make a quick buck. I have never trusted
politicians and businessmen, and they don't trust
me--that is the basis of our symbiotic relationship
in this world. By the very nature of our profession,
we journalists are natural dissidents. But we do
have to work like lawyers who often have to defend
the indefensible, and we do it professionally and
scrupulously because we are answerable to the public.
The way we were treated at the Forum defied belief.
It was insulting to be made to queue in the cold
for well over two hours on the first day because
the Forum's overstaffed media team only had one
camera to take our mugshots and appeared thoroughly
disorganized. And then to discover that the orange
badges we were given allowed us access only to
a neighboring hotel away from the conference venue
at the Waldorf-Astoria. How would we cover the
meeting from the Inter-Continental Hotel around
the corner? Not to worry, we were politely told,
you have a large television screen in the pressroom
there to relay the proceedings in real time. You
have our Web site on which you can follow events.
Alas, there were only four computers for over 400
journalists in the pressroom. Photographers were
banned from the Waldorf altogether, and television
and radio technicians were told that, if they wanted,
a member of the Forum's staff would take their
recorders into the Waldorf and plug them in for
top-quality audio-visual reproduction at a cost
of $250 a pop.
Naturally,
my colleagues began to bristle and grumble. I
looked at the
program. On the first
day, Thursday, there were no fewer than 20 meetings,
most on topics well worth covering. There was a
meeting on the state of the global economy with
such eminent figures as Fan Gang, national director
of the Chinese Economic Research Institution; Jacob
Frenkel, president of Merrill Lynch; and Klaus
Zimmermann, head of the German Institute for Economic
Research. Another panel on the subject of security
and making the world safer featured foremost American
and Russian experts like Sergei Karaganov, chairman
of Russia's Council on Foreign and Defense Policy;
and Gareth Evans, the former Australian prime minister
who now heads the Brussels-based International
Crisis Group. There were meetings on artificial
intelligence with the world's leading computer
experts. And, most newsworthy of all, one session
with Colin Powell; NATO Secretary General Lord
Robertson; French Foreign Minister Hubert Védrine,
and other statesmen set to debate the state of
the world in the wake of the September 11 terrorist
attacks.
It
could not have been more interesting. But, instead
of broadcasting
the important meetings
to us, Forum organizers gave us a two-hour pipe-in
of the artificial intelligence meeting which, no
doubt, would have been of interest to specialist
technology publications. We had to wait half a
day for a press release on the meetings with Powell,
Lord Robertson and Karaganov. The document merely
summarized in three lines what each of them had
said without giving quotes. The Web site could
not be accessed for further information, if there
was any to be had. In frustration, I called my
editor, Alexandra Simou, and told her I was not
in a position to do a proper job. I did not have
the coveted white badge for entry into the Waldorf.
At the public telephone alongside the one I was
using, I heard José Passos of the major
Brazilian daily O Globo, scream down the line at
his editor: "I know I'm in New York. I know
I should get the story, but I have no access. Yes,
I have accreditation, I know you worked on that
for three months, but it is second-class accreditation.
We are being discriminated against. I'm sorry I
missed the Powell quotes. We never got them..." Here
he was, he said, in New York at great expense to
cover the meeting, and he did not have a story
to send back. Claus Tigge, the correspondent of
the major German daily Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung,
said he had told his newspaper he was going to
pack up and leave. He would not be insulted by
having to rely on information chosen for him, or
by having to ask questions at 10-minute news conferences
by personalities the Forum chose to wheel out to
the press. As the days dragged on, CNN said the
Forum meeting simply became "more and more
opaque." The BBC described it as "secretive." But
it was worse than that. For four days, hundreds
of journalists reported on the meeting without
being there, with access only to what the organizers
chose to show them on television. It was reporting
by remote control, or, to put it bluntly, by selective
censorship managed by a group of people using the
most sophisticated technology available.
Charles
McLean, a former NBC producer and the Forum's
media chief,
had decided on a strategy
of what one journalist called a "subtle form
of censorship." Be that as it may, the Forum
known by the name of the Swiss mountain resort
village where it is traditionally held, is a private
club, and private clubs can invite whomever they
choose. We accept the situation, despite the frustrated
howls of protest to our demanding editors. But
it turned nasty, too. I had to call my editor to
say that our photographer, Amarjit Sidhu, had been
barred from covering a meeting with Bill Gates
to which he had been invited. McLean did not explain
why, but his people had started aggressively removing
copies of our newspaper for running a story about "media
apartheid" that did not please the millionaire
Swiss impresario Klaus Schwab, founder of the Forum.
I was personally warned by one of his staff that
if we insisted on distributing copies, we would
all lose our second-class badges. The action was
petty and childish, and it damaged the Forum because
our colleagues reported it far and wide. Schwab
was visibly infuriated when, at his final news
conference, there were more questions about the
treatment of the press and The Earth Times than
about the substance of his convention. The Financial
Times wrote about the plight of The Earth Times
in its wrap report on the Forum. Its senior editor,
Guy de Jonquières, said that not only journalists,
but businessmen and politicians were tired of the
Davos formula, and of the fact that 45 minutes
allotted to some meetings simply did not suffice
to discuss world affairs. He summed it all up when
he said that the gathering had lost its old sparkle.
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